Personal Data

Personal data refers to any information concerning an identified or identifiable natural person ('data subject'). An identifiable natural person is someone who can be directly or indirectly distinguished, notably through the use of an identifier like a name, identification number, location data, online identifier, or by one or more distinctive factors pertaining to the individual's physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural, or social identity.

Processing

Processing denotes any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of personal data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organization, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction.

Restriction Of Processing

Restriction of processing signifies the act of marking of stored personal data with the intention of limiting their processing in the future.

Profiling

Profiling denotes any type of automated processing of personal data that involves the use of personal data to assess specific personal characteristics related to a natural person. This includes the analysis or prediction of aspects concerning the individual's performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences, interests, reliability, behaviour, location, or movements.

Pseudonymisation

Pseudonymisation refers to the processing of personal data in such a manner that the personal data can no longer be attributed to a specific data subject without the use of additional information, provided that such additional information is kept separately and is subject to technical and organizational measures to ensure that the personal data are not attributed to an identified or identifiable natural person.

Filing System

Filing system signifies any structured set of personal data which are accessible according to specific criteria, whether centralised, decentralised or dispersed on a functional or geographical basis.

Controller

Controller refers to the natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data; where the purposes and means of such processing are determined by Union or Member State law, the controller or the specific criteria for its nomination may be provided for by Union or Member State law.

Processor

Processor denotes a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller.

Recipient

Recipient refers to a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or another body, to which the personal data are disclosed, whether a third party or not. However, public authorities which may receive personal data in the 4.5.2016 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 119/33 framework of a particular inquiry in accordance with Union or Member State law shall not be regarded as recipients; the processing of those data by those public authorities shall be in compliance with the applicable data protection rules according to the purposes of the processing.

Third Party

Third party refers to a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or body other than the data subject, controller, processor and persons who, under the direct authority of the controller or processor, are authorised to process personal data.

Consent

Consent in the context of the data subject refers to any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject's wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her.

Personal Data Breach

Personal Data Breach denotes a security breach that results in the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed.

Genetic Data

Genetic data refers to personal data associated with the inherited or acquired genetic characteristics of a natural person which give unique information about the physiology or the health of that natural person and which result, in particular, from an analysis of a biological sample from the natural person in question.

Biometric Data

Biometric data refers to personal data resulting from specific technical processing relating to the physical, physiological or behavioural characteristics of a natural person, which allow or confirm the unique identification of that natural person, such as facial images or dactyloscopic data.

Data Concerning Health

Data concerning health refers to personal data related to the physical or mental health of a natural person, including the provision of health care services, which reveal information about his or her health status.

Main Establishment

Main Establishment refers to:

(a)For a controller with establishments in more than one Member State, the place of its central administration in the Union, unless the decisions on the purposes and means of the processing of personal data are taken in another establishment of the controller in the Union and the latter establishment has the power to have such decisions implemented, in which case the establishment having taken such decisions is to be considered to be the main establishment;

(b)For a processor with establishments in more than one Member State, the place of its central administration in the Union, or, if the processor has no central administration in the Union, the establishment of the processor in the Union where the main processing activities in the context of the activities of an establishment of the processor take place to the extent that the processor is subject to specific obligations under this Regulation.

Representative

Representative refers to a natural or legal person established in the Union who, designated by the controller or processor in writing pursuant to Article 27, represents the controller or processor with regard to their respective obligations under this Regulation.

Enterprise

Enterprise signifies a natural or legal person engaged in an economic activity, irrespective of its legal form, including partnerships or associations regularly engaged in an economic activity.

Group Of Undertakings

Group of undertakings refers to a controlling undertaking and the undertakings under its control.

Binding Corporate Rules

Binding corporate rules refers to personal data protection policies which are adhered to by a controller or processor established on the territory of a Member State for transfers or a set of transfers of personal data to a controller or processor in one or more third countries within a group of undertakings, or group of enterprises engaged in a joint economic activity.

Supervisory Authority

Supervisory authority denotes an independent public authority which is established by a Member State pursuant to Article 51.

Supervisory Authority Concerned

Supervisory authority concerned refers to a supervisory authority which is concerned by the processing of personal data due to one or more of the following reasons:

(a)the controller or processor is established on the territory of the Member State of that supervisory authority;

(b)data subjects residing in the Member State of that supervisory authority are substantially affected or likely to be substantially affected by the processing; or

(c)a complaint has been lodged with that supervisory authority.

Cross-Border Processing

Cross-border processing encompasses two scenarios:

(a)The processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of establishments in more than one Member State of a controller or processor in the Union where the controller or processor is established in more than one Member State;

(b)The processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of a single establishment of a controller or processor in the Union but which substantially affects or is likely to substantially affect data subjects in more than one Member State.

Relevant And Reasoned Objection

Relevant and Reasoned Objection signifies an objection to a draft decision as to whether there is an infringement of this Regulation, or whether envisaged action in relation to the controller or processor complies with this Regulation, which clearly demonstrates the significance of the risks posed by the draft decision as regards the fundamental rights and freedoms of data subjects and, where applicable, the free flow of personal data within the Union.

Information Society Service

Information society service refers to a service as defined in point (b) of Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council.

International Organization

International organization refers to an organization and its subordinate bodies governed by public international law, or any other body which is set up by, or on the basis of, an agreement between two or more countries.